56 questions match your search.


During right upper lobectomy and one-lung ventilation with a double-lumen endotracheal tube, the PaO2 decreases to 40 mmHg. The PaCO2 is 39 mmHg. Which of the following is most appropriate?

ADVANCED General Respiratory & Critical Care

The adult oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve will resemble that of the fetus in the presence of

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care Pediatric

Which of the following statements concerning carbon monoxide poisoning is true?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care General

If a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is uncooperative during pulmonary function testing, the most accurate assessment of his disease will be derived from the

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care

Which of the following statements about pulmonary function testing is true?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care

Five minutes after initiating one-lung ventilation using a double-lumen endobronchial tube, a 70-year-old patient has a decrease in Sp02 from 99% to 90%. Tidal volume and respiratory rate are unchanged. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy verifies appropriate positioning of the tube. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the desaturation?

ADVANCED General Respiratory & Critical Care

A child has tachypnea immediately after reintubation for intractable laryngospasm. Oxygen saturation is 78% at an FiO2 of 1.0. A radiograph of the chest taken 15 minutes later is most likely to show

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care Pediatric

A 75-kg, 45-year-old patient with quadriplegia at the level of C6 is scheduled for elective cholecystectomy. Pulmonary function tests show an FVC of 2.4 L and an FEV, of 1.2 L. Which of the following is the most appropriate conclusion based on these findings?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care

A 57-year-old man who weighs 150 kg and is 170 cm (67 in) tall is scheduled for cholecystectomy. He has a 100 pack-year smoking history. Which of the following findings on pulmonary function testing are most likely?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care

Which of the following statements regarding carbon monoxide poisoning is true?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care General

The sudden onset of pulmonary edema can be caused by each of the following EXCEPT

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care

A pulmonary artery catheter is placed in an awake patient breathing room air. Typical right ventricular and pulmonary artery pressure tracings are obtained. With the catheter balloon inflated, blood drawn from the distal port has a PaO2 of 100 mmHg, while a simultaneous radial artery sample has a PaO2 of 90 mmHg. These data indicate that the

ADVANCED Equipment & Physics Respiratory & Critical Care

In a 65-year-old man, which of the following findings on preoperative pulmonary function testing is associated with the highest risk for respiratory insufficiency following pneumonectomy?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care

A 50-year-old man who takes aspirin and nifedipine is scheduled for thoracotomy with one-lung ventilation. Which of the following is associated with the greatest risk for intraoperative hypoxemia?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care General

Compared with a person of normal weight, which of the following findings are most likely on pulmonary function testing of a patient with morbid obesity? (FVC, FEV/FVC, FRC, A-a DO2)?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care

Which of the following provides the most definitive diagnosis in a patient with suspected brain death?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care Neuro

A 14-year-old girl with status asthmaticus is receiving oxygen 3 L/min through nasal prongs. Heart rate is 110 bpm. Arterial blood gas values are PaO2 90 mmHg, PaCO2 32 mmHg, and pH 7.46. If ventilation appears unchanged, which of the following is the most reliable sign of impending respiratory failure?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care Pediatric

A woman with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is extubated and minimally responsive after isoflurane anesthesia. She is receiving oxygen 6 L/min through a face mask. Respirations are 10/min, PaO2 is 68 mmHg, PaCO2 is 54 mmHg, and pH is 7.28. The most likely cause of the respiratory acidemia is

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care

A 90-kg, 59-year-old man with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is undergoing laparotomy. Mechanical ventilation is being carried out with a fresh gas flow of 2 L/min at a rate of 16/min and tidal volume of 900 ml; I:E ratio is 1:2.5. PaCO2 remains greater than 50 mmHg. Preoperative PaCO2, was normal. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care General

A 50-year-old woman develops stridor 10 hours after undergoing thyroidectomy. The most appropriate management is administration of which of the following drugs?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care General

Following pneumonectomy, a paralyzed patient being mechanically ventilated has the following arterial blood gas values: PaO2 71 mmHg, PaCO2 55 mmHg, pH 7.29. SvO2 is 45%. The most likely explanation for this SvO2 is

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care General

A 20-kg, 5-year-old boy under treatment for five days for a cerebral contusion not requiring an operation is still unconscious. After three days of mechanical ventilation, humidified oxygen 40% via T-tube is started. Arterial blood gas analysis shows PaO2 120 mmHg, PaCO2 44 mmHg, pH 7.48, and base excess +6. A nasogastric tube is in place and draining to gravity. Daily fluid therapy has been 5% dextrose in 0.5 normal saline solution 500 ml and 5% dextrose in lactated Ringer's solution 500 ml. Serum electrolyte concentrations are sodium 140, potassium 3.2, and chloride 91 mEq/L. Serum osmolality is 300 mOsm/L. Urine output averages 15 ml/hour. Dexamethasone 8 mg/day has been the only drug therapy. This patient most likely requires

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care Pediatric

A 70-kg, 77-year-old man Is undergoing left nephrectomy with nitrous oxide, oxygen, fentanyl, and midazolam anesthesia. He has a 90 pack-year history of cigarette smoking and has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. One hour after incision, expiratory wheezing occurs and peak Inspiratory pressure increases from 35 to 65 cmH20; end-tidal PCO2 is unchanged, but SpO2 decreases from 97% to 88%. The most likely cause is

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care General

An acutely ill 65-year-old man with sepsis has severe hypophosphatemia. Which of the following is most likely to result from this electrolyte disorder?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care

A patient undergoes thoracotomy in the lateral decubitus position. Which of the following maneuvers is most likely to increase PaO2 during one-lung ventilation?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care General

An 8-year-old child with chronic renal failure is scheduled for an operation to create an arteriovenous fistula. Laboratory studies include: Hemoglobin 6.5 g/dl, Blood gases (breathing air) : PaO2 97 mmHg, PaCO2 29 mmHg, pH 7.30 Sodium 129 mEq/L Potassium 5.5 mEq/L Chloride 101 mEq/L Bicarbonate 15 mEq/L. Before inducing general anesthesia, which of the following abnormalities should be corrected?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care Pediatric

A patient is undergoing thoracotomy in the lateral position. Five minutes after initiation of one-lung ventilation using a double-lumen tube and 100% oxygen, SpO2 decreases from 100% to 65%. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial step in management?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care General

The acute onset of hypotension without a decrease in mixed venous oxygen saturation is most likely associated with the onset of

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care General

Which of the following findings differentiates the pickwickian syndrome from morbid obesity?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care

A 56-year-old woman with pulmonary fibrosis is scheduled for pneumonectomy. Which of the following parameters best predicts potential postoperative functional impairment?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care General

During induction of general anesthesia in a patient with a supraglottic tumor, both intubation and subsequent ventilation via a face mask are impossible. A cricothyroidotomy is performed with a 16-gauge intravenous catheter. Which of the following statements is true?

ADVANCED Equipment & Physics Respiratory & Critical Care General

Prior to occlusion of any major pulmonary blood vessels during a thoracotomy, applying positive end-expiratory pressure to ventilation through the dependent lumen of a double-lumen tube and occluding the upper lumen of the tube will

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care

A patient is scheduled for right pneumonectomy. A left-sided double-lumen endobronchial tube is inserted. After the endobronchial side is clamped and both cuffs are inflated, breath sounds are heard only on the left. Which of the following is the most likely cause?

ADVANCED General Respiratory & Critical Care

Two days after myocardial infarction involving the left anterior descending coronary artery, a patient's blood pressure decreases acutely from 125/80 to 70/40 mmHg, heart rate increases from 75 to 90 bpm, pulmonary artery pressure increases to 50/30 mmHg, and urine output decreases from 60 to 10 ml/hr. Thermodilution cardiac output has increased from 4 to 7 L/min. The most appropriate action is to

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care

A 55-year-old woman who is scheduled to undergo carotid endarterectomy has a history of essential hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Over a 30-minute period beginning one hour after induction of general anesthesia, Sp02 decreases from 99% to 95%. During that time, she has received fentanyl 100 mcg, isoflurane 1%, nitrous oxide 49.5%, oxygen 49.5%, and a nitroglycerin infusion to maintain blood pressure at approximately 160/95 mmHg. Which of the following is the most likely cause for the decline in oxygen saturation?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care

A 35-kg child requires mechanical ventilation with 100% oxygen at a tidal volume of 350 mL and a rate of 20/min during a severe asthma attack. The most likely cause of severe hypotension after initiating mechanical ventilation is

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care Pediatric

A 29-year-old man who has been nasotracheally intubated for two weeks following a motor vehicle accident has a fever (39C) and a constant headache. Leukocyte count is 18,000/mm3. The most likely cause is

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care

A 70-kg 22-year-old patient with head trauma and multiple fractures of the long bones is scheduled for fixation of bilateral femoral fractures. Preoperative laboratory studies show a serum sodium concentration of 150 mEq/L, a serum potassium concentration of 3.1 mEq/L, and a urine output greater than 500 ml/hr. Which of the following agents will decrease urine output?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care

A 1-month-old infant becomes hypoxemic faster during apnea than an adult. Which of the following is the primary cause of this difference?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care Pediatric

A 60-kg, 17-year-old girl with severe idiopathic scoliosis is scheduled for Harrington rod fixation. Which of the following respiratory parameters is compatible with this disorder?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care Pediatric

Peak airway pressure increases from 25 to 50 cmH2O when beginning right endobronchial ventilation with a right double-lumen tube. The most likely explanation for this increase is

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care

Two days after total abdominal hysterectomy, a 54-year-old woman develops lethargy followed by seizures and coma. Laboratory studies show a serum sodium concentration of 108 mEq/L and serum osmolality of 225 mOsm/kg. The most appropriate next step in management is administration of which of the following?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care General

A 120-kg 56-year-old man undergoing gastrectomy during anesthesia with fentanyl and isoflurane has a PetCO2 of 35 mmHg and a PaCO2 of 50 mmHg. His FEV,/FVC ratio is 80% of predicted. Heart rate is 120 bpm and arterial blood pressure is 80/40 mmHg. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the difference in PaCO2 and PetCO2?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care General

During one-lung ventilation, each of the following affects hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in the nonventilated lung EXCEPT

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care General

In a patient with adult respiratory distress syndrome who is being mechanically ventilated, which of the following findings indicates the most severe disease?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care

At extubation performed one week after nasotracheal intubation, each of the following is likely to occur EXCEPT

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care

During craniotomy in the sitting position, end-tidal carbon dioxide tension suddenly decreases. Ventilatory excursion of the chest is normal. Further evaluation is most likely to show a decrease in

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care Neuro

After the bronchial and tracheal cuffs of a right endobronchial tube are inflated, ventilation through the tracheal lumen is not possible. This finding is most consistent with

ADVANCED Equipment & Physics Respiratory & Critical Care

Which of the following changes in pulmonary function best explains the more rapid rate of rise of alveolar concentration of volatile anesthetics in pregnant women than in nonpregnant women?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care OB

You are called to a witnessed cardiac arrest where cardiopulmonary resuscitation is being performed. After successful intubation, arterial blood gas values are PaO2 86 mmHg, PaCO2 63 mmHg, and pH 7.25 at an FiO2 of 1.0. The most appropriate management at this time is to

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care General

Which of the following statements concerning pulmonary function in patients with pulmonary fibrosis is true?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care

A 35-year-old woman with severe myasthenia gravis is scheduled for thymectomy. Which of the following preoperative pulmonary function tests is most likely to be normal?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care

Preoperative evaluation of a patient who has marked malnutrition will demonstrate each of the following EXCEPT

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care

Following a right lower lobectomy, a patient develops a bronchopleural fistula and becomes hypoxic. He is orally intubated and mechanically ventilated with pure oxygen. PaO2 is 65 mmHg, PaCO2 is 70 mmHg, and pH is 7.25. Which of the following will produce the most favorable change in the blood gases?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care General

Which of the following is the most likely beneficial effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in a 24-year-old scuba diver with decompression sickness?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care

Which of the following is a cardiorespiratory effect of epidural block to a T4 sensory level?

ADVANCED Respiratory & Critical Care Regional & Pain