10 Random Questions
Alveolar stability at varying lung volumes is maintained by
- (A) constant surface tension
- (B) increased surface tension at low lung volume
- (C) decreased surface tension at high lung volume
- (D) decreased surface tension at low lung volume
- (E) none of the above
A 40-year-old patient has pain following injection of 8 ml of thiopental 2.5% through a right radial artery catheter. His hand remains pink. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step?
- (A) Injection of lidocaine through the catheter
- (B) Injection of nitroglycerin through the catheter
- (C) Injection of papaverine through the catheter
- (D) Right stellate ganglion block
- (E) No intervention
Which of the following statements concerning the cerebral effects of barbiturates is true?
- (A) Barbiturate coma produces greater cerebral protection than hypothermia to 17 C
- (B) Barbiturate-induced reduction in cerebral blood flow is greater at normocarbia than at hypocarbia
- (C) Barbiturates decrease the cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen by decreasing cerebral blood flow
- (D) Somatosensory evoked potentials and the EEG are equally sensitive to suppression by barbiturates
- (E) When administered in doses sufficient to produce an isoelectric EEG, barbiturates decrease the cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen by 50%
A 70-kg 61-year-old patient undergoes a four-hour resection of an abdominal aortic aneurysm during anesthesia with fentanyl and enflurane. Infrarenal clamping is required during the procedure. Twelve hours after the procedure, urine output is 15 ml/hr with a fractional sodium excretion of 6%. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
- (A) Enflurane nephrotoxicity
- (B) Hypovolemia
- (C) Intraoperative renal ischemia
- (D) Positive pressure ventilation
- (E) Unilateral ureteral obstruction
A patient has pain in the left thoracic wall associated with metastatic rib lesions. An intrathecal neurolytic block with 6% phenol in glycerin is planned for pain relief. Prior to performing the block, the patient should be placed in which of the following positions?
- (A) Left lateral semisupine
- (B) Right lateral semisupine
- (C) Left lateral semiprone
- (D) Right lateral semiprone
- (E) Prone
Which of the lines shown in the graph illustrates the relationship of hematocrit and oxygen transport?
- (A) Line A
- (B) Line B
- (C) Line C
- (D) Line D
- (E) Line E
A 62-year-old patient who is undergoing femoral-popliteal arterial bypass grafting during general anesthesia develops supraventricular tachycardia. Heart rate is 165 bpm and blood pressure is 90/50 mmHg. Which of the following is the LEAST appropriate treatment of the tachycardia?
- (A) Adenosine
- (B) Esmolol
- (C) Phenylephrine
- (D) Procainamide
- (E) Verapamil
Which of the following findings is most likely in patients receiving intravenous milrinone?
- (A) Decreased left ventricular afterload
- (B) Decreased myocardial oxygen consumption
- (C) Increased atrioventricular conduction
- (D) Increased right ventricular preload
- (E) Stimulation of beta-adrenergic receptors
Each of the following values is associated with acute tubular necrosis EXCEPT
- (A) urine osmolality of 200 mOsm/kg
- (B) urine sodium concentration of 15 mEq/L
- (C) urine specific gravity of 1.009
- (D) urine/serum osmolarity ratio of 1.2
- (E) fractional excretion of sodium of 4%
A 56-year-old woman with pulmonary fibrosis is scheduled for pneumonectomy. Which of the following parameters best predicts potential postoperative functional impairment?
- (A) Exercise tolerance
- (B) Flow-volume loop
- (C) Resting arterial blood gas values
- (D) Unilateral pulmonary artery occlusion pressure
- (E) Vital capacity and FEV,