A 2-year-old child has cardiac arrest during an inguinal herniorrhaphy under general anesthesia administered during a Jackson-Rees system. The graph shows end-tidal PCO2 monitored from the tip of the endotracheal tube during cardiopulmonary resuscitation; minute ventilation is unchanged. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the change beginning at the arrow?
A 30-kg patient with asthma is receiving general anesthesia and being mechanically ventilated with a measured tidal volume of 300 mL. Increasing the fresh gas flow from 3 L/min to 9 L/min without changing the ventilatory rate or I:E ratio will result in
A 4-year-old child has just undergone a one-hour tonsillectomy with a volatile anesthetic, nitrous oxide, and oxygen. Which of the following will result in the most rapid emergence?
(A) metabolites contribute more significantly to the sedative effect
(B) elimination is less dependent on hepatic metabolism
(C) has more predictable action after intramuscular administration
(D) produces less respiratory depression
(E) produces less hypotension during induction of anesthesia with opioids
C
If the low-pressure alarm of an anesthesia circuit is broken, which of the following monitors will provide the earliest indication of a disconnected ventilator hose?
Which of the following complications is more likely to occur during cannulation of the left internal jugular vein than during cannulation of the right internal jugular vein?
Which of the following fluids will restore circulating blood volume with the smallest infused volume?
(A) Albumin 25%
(B) Dextrose 5% in saline solution 0.45%
(C) Hydroxyethyl starch 6%
(D) Lactated Ringer's solution
(E) Type-specific whole blood
A
The illustration depicts flow-volume loops for the same person at two different times in his life. Which of the following is indicated by the dotted loop?
A patient with metastatic carcinoma and chronic renal failure has tremors, fasciculations, mydriasis, and hyperreflexia after several days of therapy with high doses of meperidine for analgesia. Which of the following is most likely to occur if the meperidine is continued?
(A) Disappearance of the symptoms as tolerance to meperidine develops