During attempted awake intubation, the patient gags when the laryngoscope presses on the base of the tongue. Which of the following cranial nerves is responsible for the afferent limb of this reflex?
Addition of 20 cmH2O positive end-expiratory pressure to a patient receiving controlled mechanical ventilation decreases cardiac output and left ventricular function by
During insertion of a Harrington rod with deliberate hypotension for correction of spinal scoliosis, accurate interpretation of somatosensory evoked potentials requires
(A) core temperature greater than 35∞C
(B) hematocrit of at least 25%
(C) mean arterial pressure greater than 70 mmHg
(D) P02 of at least 80 mmHg
(E) reversal of neuromuscular block
A
In an Infant, spinal anesthesia to a sensory level of T8 is achieved with tetracaine administered at the L2-3 interspace. Compared with spinal anesthesia to the same sensory level in an adult, this anesthetic is associated with a