A 25-year-old woman is admitted to the hospital in the early stages of labor at term. Initial hematocrit is 33%. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the hematocrit value?
A 40-year-old man who is scheduled to undergo repair of a tendon laceration of the left hand has complete anesthesia in the median, radial, and ulnar nerve distributions after supraclavicular block. Two hours of tourniquet inflation are required for completion of the procedure. The most appropriate next step is an additional block of which of the following?
If a patient with excessive bleeding during exploratory laparotomy has a normal activated clotting time, the LEAST likely cause of the bleeding is
A 6-year-old child with severe cerebral palsy is scheduled for general anesthesia. He is at increased risk for each of the following EXCEPT
At extubation performed one week after nasotracheal intubation, each of the following is likely to occur EXCEPT
Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment of methemoglobinemia prior to emergency surgery?
A 55-year-old woman who is scheduled to undergo carotid endarterectomy has a history of essential hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Over a 30-minute period beginning one hour after induction of general anesthesia, Sp02 decreases from 99% to 95%. During that time, she has received fentanyl 100 mcg, isoflurane 1%, nitrous oxide 49.5%, oxygen 49.5%, and a nitroglycerin infusion to maintain blood pressure at approximately 160/95 mmHg. Which of the following is the most likely cause for the decline in oxygen saturation?
A 55-year-old man is undergoing craniotomy in the sitting position. Mean arterial pressure is 75 mmHg; arterial blood gas values are PaCO2 41 mmHg and pH 7.37. End-tidal CO2 is 7 mmHg. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the increased PaCO2 to PetCO2 gradient?
Which of the following nerves should be blocked for an operation at the medial aspect of the lower leg?
Addition of 20 cmH2O positive end-expiratory pressure to a patient receiving controlled mechanical ventilation decreases cardiac output and left ventricular function by