10 Random Questions
The five curves shown represent the uptake of enflurane, desflurane, halothane, isoflurane, and nitrous oxide. Which uptake curve best depicts desflurane?
- (A) Curve A
- (B) Curve B
- (C) Curve C
- (D) Curve D
- (E) Curve E
An 18-month-old child with tetralogy of Fallot is anesthetized with halothane and nitrous oxide. Following intubation, oxygen saturation decreases abruptly from 85% to 45%. The most effective treatment is
- (A) discontinuation of halothane
- (B) hyperventilation
- (C) intravenous epinephrine
- (D) intravenous phenylephrine
- (E) positive end-expiratory pressure
After inflation of both the tracheal and endobronchial cuffs of a left-sided double-lumen tube, the following are noted on auscultation of the chest: Left lumen clamped --> Breath sounds absent bilaterally; Right lumen clamped --> Breath sounds present on left only; Both lumens open --> Breath sounds present on left only. The most appropriate action is to
- (A) decrease the endobronchial cuff volume
- (B) decrease the tracheal cuff volume
- (C) reinsert the tube, rotating it 180 degrees to the right
- (D) suction both lumens
- (E) withdraw the tube slightly and repeat the auscultory maneuvers
The figure describes the uptake of nitrous oxide 75% by individual tissue groups (VRG = vessel-rich group, MG = muscle group, FG = fat group) and their sum (total uptake, TU). Which set of labels accurately describes the curves?
- (A) 1- MG, 2- FG, 3- VRG, 4- TU
- (B) 1- VRG, 2- MG, 3- FG, 4- TU
- (C) 1- FG, 2- MG, 3- TU, 4- VRG
- (D) 1- TU, 2- FG, 3- MG, 4- VRG
- (E) 1- TU, 2- VRG, 3- MG, 4- FG
A 4-year-old child with myelomeningocele and a ventriculoperitoneal shunt is scheduled for bladder augmentation. One year ago, hypotension and bronchospasm occurred during laparotomy for placement of a feeding gastrostomy and responded to fluids and epinephrine. At that time, anesthesia was induced with thiopental, the trachea was intubated with a polyvinyl tracheal tube following administration of succinylcholine, and anesthesia was maintained with halothane and nitrous oxide. No diagnostic tests were performed after that incident. Which of the following should be avoided during the bladder augmentation?
- (A) Latex gloves
- (B) Polyvinyl tracheal tubes
- (C) Halothane
- (D) Succinylcholine
- (E) Thiopental
Bupivacaine 30 ml injected into the inguinal perivascular space will usually block the
- (A) femoral, lateral femoral cutaneous, and obturator nerves
- (B) ilioinguinal, femoral, and sciatic nerves
- (C) femoral, sciatic, and obturator nerves
- (D) ilioinguinal, iliohypogastric, and pudendal nerves
- (E) sciatic, femoral, and posterior femoral cutaneous nerves
Which of the following conditions decreases right-to-left shunt through a patent ductus arteriosus in a neonate?
- (A) Arterial hypotension
- (B) Arterial hypoxemia
- (C) Metabolic acidemia
- (D) Positive end-expiratory pressure
- (E) Respiratory alkalemia
Which of the following statements concerning autonomic hyperreflexia after spinal cord transection is true?
- (A) It occurs within 24 hours after the injury
- (B) It occurs with lesions below T10
- (C) It is caused by a reflex increase in parasympathetic outflow
- (D) It is characterized by paroxysmal hypotension and tachycardia
- (E) It is prevented by blocking afferent visceral pathways
An arterial blood sample is obtained from a patient undergoing hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass at 28 C. Analysis at 37 C shows a pH of 7.40 and PaCO2 of 40 mmHg. Which of the following values are most likely if the analysis is corrected to 28 C?
- (A) pH = 7.40; PaCO2 = 40
- (B) pH > 7.40; PaCO2 < 40
- (C) pH > 7.40; PaCO2 > 40
- (D) pH < 7.40; PaCO2 < 40
- (E) pH < 7.40; PaCO2 > 40
Which of the following findings is most likely in an 85-kg 30-year-old man who is breathing spontaneously through 6-mm endotracheal tube?
- (A) Decreased PetCO2
- (B) Decreased SpO2
- (C) Increased minute ventilation
- (D) Increased respiratory rate
- (E) Increased tidal volume