10 Random Questions
The tracing indicates that the pacemaker generator is
- (A) malfunctioning
- (B) VVT sensing and capturing normally
- (C) VOO sensing and capturing normally
- (D) DVI sensing and capturing normally
- (E) VVI sensing and capturing normally
During rapid-sequence induction prior to an emergency surgical procedure, a 20-year-old patient vomits gastric contents containing particulate matter. An endotracheal tube is easily inserted and ventilation with pure oxygen is initiated. Despite the presence of bilateral breath sounds, SpO2 is 90%. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step?
- (A) Administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics
- (B) Intravenous administration of high-dose methylprednisolone
- (C) Bronchial lavage with normal saline solution
- (D) Bronchoscopy to remove particulate matter
- (E) Cancellation of the surgical procedure
With respect to mechanical ventilation, which of the following statements concerning the portion of tidal volume known as compression volume is true?
- (A) It is calculated by dividing the volume of gas delivered to the patient by the peak pressure
- (B) It does not contribute to the volume of gas entering the patient
- (C) It is not included in the volume measured by a spirometer on the inspiratory limb
- (D) It decreases with the addition of a humidifier to the breathing circuit
- (E) It decreases with the addition of one-way valves at the Y connector of the breathing circuit
Which of the following complications of caudal anesthesia with 0.25% bupivacaine is more likely in children than in adults?
- (A) Intravascular injection
- (B) Neurotoxicity
- (C) Profound motor block
- (D) Systemic toxicity
- (E) Total spinal block
The initial reduction in core temperature during general anesthesia is caused by
- (A) ablation of thermoregulatory vasoconstriction
- (B) conductive heat loss
- (C) evaporative heat loss in the respiratory tract
- (D) neuromuscular blockade
- (E) redistribution of heat from the core to the periphery
Which of the following is the most common cause of coagulopathy occurring during massive blood transfusion?
- (A) Decreased serum fibrinogen concentration
- (B) Decreased serum ionized calcium concentration
- (C) Dilutional thrombocytopenia
- (D) Disseminated intravascular coagulation
- (E) Hypothermia
A 35-year-old patient with asymmetric septal hypertrophy (IHSS) is undergoing bladder suspension with sevoflurane 1%, nitrous oxide 50%, and oxygen 50%. Immediately after skin incision, blood pressure decreases to 90/60 mmHg and junctional tachycardia of 150 bpm is noted on the ECG. Which of the following is the most appropriate management?
- (A) Decreasing sevoflurane concentration
- (B) Infusion of nitroglycerin
- (C) Intravenous administration of a fluid bolus
- (D) Intravenous administration of esmolol
- (E) Intravenous administration of phenylephrine
The concentration of bupivacaine is higher in maternal blood than in fetal blood because
- (A) bupivacaine is metabolized in the placenta
- (B) maternal blood has a higher pH
- (C) maternal blood has greater plasma protein binding
- (D) maternal hemoglobin has a higher affinity for bupivacaine
- (E) placental transfer of bupivacaine is limited
A direct 5-joule shock is unsuccessful in converting ventricular fibrillation occurring after discontinuation of cardiopulmonary bypass. The most appropriate next step is to
- (A) administer calcium chloride
- (B) administer bretylium
- (C) administer regular insulin
- (D) administer sodium bicarbonate
- (E) increase shock energy
A patient who is scheduled for a parathyroidectomy for a parathyroid adenoma has a preoperative serum calcium concentration of 13.5 mg/dl. The ECG shows no acute changes. The most appropriate preoperative management is administration of
- (A) calcitonin
- (B) hydrocortisone
- (C) intravenous saline solution
- (D) mannitol
- (E) potassium phosphate