10 Random Questions
Which of the following statements concerning cerebral vasospasm following intracranial hemorrhage is true?
- (A) It is accompanied by paradoxical intracranial hypotension
- (B) It responds to nitroprusside therapy
- (C) It persists more than 48 hours after hemorrhage
- (D) It is exacerbated by intravascular volume expansion
- (E) It is confirmed by ST-T wave changes in the absence of myocardial ischemia
The gauge pressure on a cylinder of nitrous oxide
- (A) varies with the size of the cylinder
- (B) is the same for full and half-full cylinders
- (C) is the same as that of a full cylinder of oxygen if both are full
- (D) is independent of the temperature of the cylinder
- (E) reliably indicates the amount of nitrous oxide in the cylinder
Monitoring sensory evoked potentials may be useful in detecting functional derangement of each of the following EXCEPT
- (A) cranial nerve pathways during posterior fossa operations
- (B) motor pathways during anterior cervical discectomy
- (C) dorsal column pathways during operations for spinal tumors
- (D) visual pathways during operations on the sphenoid wing
- (E) cortical pathways during carotid artery operations
A 2.8-kg 8-hour-old infant undergoes laparotomy for a ruptured omphalocele. Following primary closure of the abdominal wall, arterial blood gases are PaO2 40 mmHg (FiO2 0.6), PaCO2 55 mmHg, and pH 7.1. Blood pressure is 30/20 mmHg. After increasing the FiO2, the most appropriate action would be to
- (A) obtain a radiograph of the chest immediately
- (B) withdraw the endotracheal tube 1 cm
- (C) assess the patient for coexisting congenital heart disease
- (D) administer lactated Ringer's solution 15 ml/kg
- (E) ask the surgeon to reopen the wound
A parturient receives ketamine 2 mg/kg and succinylcholine 1.5 mg/kg for induction prior to elective cesarean delivery. Which of the following is most likely to be present in the newborn infant?
- (A) Normal muscle tone
- (B) Bradycardia
- (C) Opisthotonos
- (D) Respiratory depression
- (E) Seizures
Compared with a patient who is breathing spontaneously, a patient in the supine position receiving controlled positive-pressure ventilation will most likely have which of the following findings?
- (A) Decreased pulmonary vascular resistance
- (B) Decreased ratio of dead space to tidal volume
- (C) Increased ventilation of nondependent alveoli
- (D) Increased perfusion of nondependent alveoli
- (E) Improved matching of ventilation to perfusion
The illustration depicts flow-volume loops for the same person at two different times in his life. Which of the following is indicated by the dotted loop?
- (A) Bronchial tumor
- (B) Chronic asthmatic bronchitis
- (C) Morbid obesity
- (D) Paralysis of a vocal cord
- (E) Subglottic stenosis
In normal tissue, which property of drugs has the greatest effect on the speed of onset of a local anesthetic?
- (A) Amide structure
- (B) Degree of protein binding
- (C) Intrinsic vasoconstrictor activity
- (D) pKa
- (E) Potency
A 45-year-old woman who sustained a subarachnoid hemorrhage 18 hours ago develops a severe headache and becomes unresponsive. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's change in mental status?
- (A) Cerebral edema
- (B) Cerebral embolism
- (C) Cerebral vasospasm
- (D) Hypertensive encephalopathy
- (E) Second subarachnoid hemorrhage
A 46-year-old patient who abuses intravenous drugs develops acute aortic valvular insufficiency from bacterial endocarditis. Which of the following statements concerning pressures measured through a pulmonary artery catheter is true?
- (A) Pulmonary artery occlusion pressure will underestimate left ventricular end-diastolic pressure
- (B) Pulmonary artery oxygen saturation will overestimate mixed venous oxygen saturation
- (C) Thermodilution cardiac output determination will overestimate cardiac output
- (D) Right ventricular end-diastolic pressure will equal left ventricular end-diastolic pressure
- (E) The pulmonary artery occlusion pressure trace will most likely have large V waves