10 Random Questions
Administration of magnesium sulfate for treatment of preeclampsia results in a decreased dose requirement for each of the following drugs EXCEPT
- (A) bupivacaine
- (B) halothane
- (C) midazolam
- (D) succinylcholine
- (E) vecuronium
The alveolar concentrations of anesthetics increase more rapidly in children than in adults because of a greater
- (A) blood volume (per kg body mass)
- (B) cardiac index
- (C) MAC
- (D) ratio of alveolar ventilation to functional residual capacity
- (E) tidal volume (per kg body mass)
A 4-month-old child undergoing a craniectomy for craniosynostosis is anesthetized with nitrous oxide and halothane. Suddenly the systolic blood pressure decreases from 75 to 30 mmHg, and the PetCO2 decreases from 35 to 6 mmHg. Which of the following maneuvers is LEAST likely to have a beneficial effect?
- (A) Administration of a fluid bolus
- (B) Administration of a vasopressor
- (C) Application of positive end-expiratory pressure
- (D) Discontinuation of nitrous oxide
- (E) Flooding the surgical wound with saline solution
A 62-year-old man with severe emphysema was treated for the sixth time with assisted mechanical ventilation (Fi02 0.6, peak inspiratory pressure 25 mmHg, rate 22/min, insp/exp 0.3). Arterial blood gas values with this therapy are Pa02 73 mmHg, PaC02 48 mmHg, and pH 7.32. During the second day of treatment he suddenly becomes dusky, with increased respiratory rate. Arterial blood gas values are Pa02 42 mmHg, PaC02 67 mmHg, and pH 7.25. Tracheal lavage and suction fail to improve his condition. The therapeutic measure most likely to correct this acute episode is to
- (A) administer heparin
- (B) increase Fi02
- (C) paralyze him with pancuronium
- (D) add positive end-expiratory pressure 5 to 10 cmH20
- (E) insert a chest tube
A 35-year-old woman who takes a diuretic daily for chronic hypertension has a serum potassium concentration of 3.1 mEq/L on the morning of an elective hysterectomy. An EKG shows left ventricular hypertrophy. The most appropriate management is to
- (A) consult with a cardiologist before proceeding
- (B) initiate oral potassium replacement and proceed with the operation when potassium concentration is normal
- (C) initiate intravenous potassium replacement and proceed with the operation
- (D) initiate intravenous potassium replacement and proceed with the operation when potassium concentration is 4 mEq/L
- (E) proceed with the operation without intervention
A 5-year-old child undergoes strabismus correction during spontaneous ventilation with halothane 1.5%, nitrous oxide and oxygen 50%. Intravenous atropine 0.2 mg is administered after inhalation induction. Ten minutes after incision, heart rate decreases from 110 bpm to 40 bpm. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
- (A) Administration of phenylephrine eyedrops
- (B) Inadvertent external pressure on the carotid sinus
- (C) Paradoxical response to a small dose of atropine
- (D) Sinoatrial nodal depression by halothane
- (E) Traction on an extraocular muscle
Following hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass, adequacy of total body rewarming is best indicated by normothermia recorded from the
- (A) upper esophagus
- (B) lower esophagus
- (C) pulmonary artery
- (D) rectum
- (E) great toe
Following the administration of 4 MAC hours of enflurane, peak serum concentrations of inorganic fluoride are highest in patients who
- (A) are physically dependent on barbiturates
- (B) are taking isoniazid chronically to suppress tuberculosis
- (C) are epileptics taking phenytoin chronically
- (D) are obese
- (E) consume alcohol regularly
An intubated patient is breathing spontaneously through the T-piece shown in Figure 1. Addition of tubing at A and B as shown in Figure 2 without an increase in minute ventilation will result in
- (A) unchanged FiO2 and increased PaCO2
- (B) unchanged FiO2 and unchanged PaCO2
- (C) increased FiO2 and increased PaCO2
- (D) increased FiO2 and unchanged PaCO2
- (E) decreased FiO2 and increased PaCO2
Which of the following processes is primarily responsible for the decrease in core body temperature that occurs during the first hour of general anesthesia?
- (A) Decreased production of heat
- (B) Convective heat loss caused by cutaneous vasodilation
- (C) Evaporative heat loss during skin preparation
- (D) Heat loss from the respiratory tract
- (E) Redistribution of core body heat to the periphery