During repair for coarctation of the aorta in a healthy 13-year-old patient, right radial artery pressure increases from 100/60 to 105/70 mmHg after the aorta is cross clamped. This most likely indicates that
(A) collateral blood flow has decreased the hemodynamic consequences of cross-clamping
(B) left ventricular hypertrophy has decreased left ventricular compliance
(C) spinal cord blood flow is impaired
(D) the coarctation has decreased aortic diameter less than 50%
(E) the coarctation involves the origin of the right subclavian artery
A waste-gas scavenger has an active disposal system. Which of the following safety features is necessary to prevent removal of excess gas from the breathing circuit?
Preoperative administration of alpha-adrenergic inhibitors will usually reverse ECG changes due to
(A) catecholamine myocarditis
(B) Preoperative administration of alpha-adrenergic inhibitors decreases operative mortality
(C) Beta-adrenergic inhibitors should be administered preoperatively only in conjunction with alpha-adrenergic
inhibitors
(D) Vasopressor therapy may be necessary postoperatively for treatment of hypotension
E
During attempted awake intubation, the patient gags when the laryngoscope presses on the base of the tongue. Which of the following cranial nerves is responsible for the afferent limb of this reflex?
Fetal distress is noted after administration of an epidural local anesthetic during labor. Fetal scalp pH is 7.0. Compared with a fetus with a scalp pH of 7.3, in this fetus the local anesthetic is present in
(A) a higher concentration, with a larger fraction in the ionized form
(B) a higher concentration, with a larger fraction in the unionized form
(C) the same concentration, with a larger fraction in the ionized form
(D) the same concentration, with a larger fraction in the unionized form
(E) a lower concentration, with a larger fraction in the ionized form
A previously healthy 46-year-old woman has severe substernal chest pain one hour after receiving morphine sulfate 10 mg intramuscularly for an elective cholecystectomy. Vital signs, SpO2, and findings on a five-lead ECG on the operating room monitor are within normal limits. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step?
Which of the following is characteristic of low back pain associated with myofascial pain syndrome but not of pain associated with a herniated lumbar disk?
(A) Loss of reflexes in the lower extremities
(B) Pain along the distribution of nerve roots
(C) Responsiveness to epidural corticosteroids
(D) Sensitivity to injection at trigger points
(E) Trophic alteration in the sympathetic nervous system