During induction of anesthesia, a 56-year-old man with small bowel obstruction vomits a large quantity of undigested food particles and presumably aspirates. After instituting ventilation with pure oxygen, the most appropriate management is to
(A) administer dexamethasone
(B) administer penicillin G
(C) perform bronchoscopy
(D) ventilate with positive end-expiratory pressure 15 cmH2O
(E) proceed with the anesthesia plan if the tracheal pH is greater than 2.5
A 65-year-old patient with compensated congestive heart failure undergoes resection of a large tumor of the temporal lobe. During the procedure, the brain is noted to protrude through the surgical incision. After increasing minute ventila- tion, which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?
(A) Administration of dexamethasone
(B) Administration of furosemide
(C) Administration of mannitol
(D) Induction of barbiturate coma
(E) Induction of deliberate hypotension
B
If administered prior to induction of anesthesia, which of the following drugs is most likely to cause tachycardia?
An 86-kg, 67-year-old man is undergoing a second coronary artery bypass operation. Five minutes after administration of protamine, blood pressure is 69/40 mmHg, pulmonary artery pressure is 65/42 mmHg, and the cardiac output measured by thermodilution is 2.3 L/min. Which of the following is the most likely cause of these findings?
(A) Allergy to fish
(B) Increased plasma thromboxane concentration
(C) Increased plasma histamine concentration
(D) Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
(E) IgE antibodies to protamine
B
Each of the following increases arterial to end-tidal carbon dioxide tension difference EXCEPT
Ten minutes after induction of anesthesia with thiopental and isoflurane but before incision, a patient's nasopharyngeal temperature has decreased to 35.4°C. Which of the following contributed most to this decrease in temperature?
(A) Anesthesia-induced block of nonshivering thermogenesis