10 Random Questions
Which of the following findings is an early indication of cyanide toxicity?
- (A) Bronchospasm
- (B) Cardiac dysrhythmias
- (C) Decreased mixed venous P02
- (D) Increased intracranial pressure
- (E) Metabolic acidosis
A 60-kg, 45-year-old woman who takes digoxin for atrial fibrillation receives furosemide 40 mg and mannitol 60 g during resection of a supratentorial meningioma. After initiation of hyperventilation to decrease PaC02 from 35 to 20 mmHg, multifocal premature ventricular contractions are noted on the ECG. The most likely cause is
- (A) acute hypokalemia
- (B) cerebral ischemia
- (C) impending herniation of the brain stem
- (D) paradoxical air embolism
- (E) surgical manipulation of the meningioma
A 21-year-old athlete has laryngospasm following extubation after undergoing repair of an inguinal hernia during general anesthesia. Bag and mask ventilation relieves the patient's symptoms. In the PACU 15 minutes later, he has dyspnea; Sp02 is 85% at an Fl02 of .40. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
- (A) Atelectasis
- (B) Decreased cardiac output
- (C) Pulmonary edema
- (D) Pulmonary embolism
- (E) Residual paralysis
During cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in an adult, external chest compression is being performed at the rate of 90/min with 2 inches of sternal depression and a compression-relaxation ratio of 20:80. The most appropriate action is to
- (A) decrease the rate of compression
- (B) increase the duration of compression
- (C) increase the duration of relaxation
- (D) increase the depth of sternal depression
- (E) continue the original pattern of CPR
The alveolar concentrations of anesthetics increase more rapidly in children than in adults because of a greater
- (A) blood volume (per kg body mass)
- (B) cardiac index
- (C) MAC
- (D) ratio of alveolar ventilation to functional residual capacity
- (E) tidal volume (per kg body mass)
When inspired anesthetic gases are humidified
- (A) most particles 1 to 2 microns in size are deposited in the trachea
- (B) respiratory epithelial cilia become less active
- (C) alveolar water vapor pressure is unchanged
- (D) respiratory heat loss is abolished
- (E) sterilization of breathing apparatus is mandatory
The five curves shown represent the uptake of enflurane, desflurane, halothane, isoflurane, and nitrous oxide. Which uptake curve best depicts desflurane?
- (A) Curve A
- (B) Curve B
- (C) Curve C
- (D) Curve D
- (E) Curve E
The following changes occur during posterior cervical fusion in the prone position under halothane and nitrous oxide anesthesia with mechanical ventilation: HR 78 --> 84 with frequent PVCs; BP 110/70 --> 90/50; EtCO2 4.5% --> 2.0%; EtN2 0.12% --> 4% The most appropriate next step is to
- (A) administer lidocaine intravenously
- (B) decrease ventilatory rate
- (C) discontinue halothane
- (D) lower the patient's head
- (E) inspect the ventilator bellows
The primary mechanism for pharmacologic reduction of intraoperative blood loss is
- (A) decreased blood viscosity
- (B) decreased cardiac output
- (C) decreased venous return
- (D) direct myocardial depression
- (E) hypotension
A patient who is scheduled for a gastrectomy had abnormal liver function tests for four days following a prior cholecystectomy. In your consultation note, you should
- (A) recommend sevoflurane anesthesia since abnormal postoperative liver function tests are unlikely with this drug
- (B) recommend subarachnoid anesthesia since changes in hepatic blood flow would be less than with general anesthesia
- (C) indicate that abnormal liver function tests are likely to follow this operation regardless of the anesthetic drugs used
- (D) require preoperative screening for hepatitis B antigen and antibodies
- (E) recommend avoiding halothane since it is more likely to produce hepatitis in patients who had previous upper abdominal surgery