A 70-kg 61-year-old patient undergoes a four-hour resection of an abdominal aortic aneurysm during anesthesia with fentanyl and enflurane. Infrarenal clamping is required during the procedure. Twelve hours after the procedure, urine output is 15 ml/hr with a fractional sodium excretion of 6%. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
The recommended agent for decontamination of anesthetic equipment splattered with blood containing HIV is
(A) household bleach
(B) hydrogen peroxide
(C) iodine solution
(D) isopropyl alcohol
(E) Lysol solution
A
A 50-year-old man with an 80 pack-year history of cigarette smoking has a forced expiratory volume in one second of 1.5 L and a forced vital capacity of 3.5 L. Which of the following statements concerning intraoperative anesthetic management is true?
(A) An I:E ratio of 1:1 will improve carbon dioxide removal more than an I:E ratio of 1:2.5
(B) Antagonism of neuromuscular block will most likely trigger acute bronchospasm
(C) Functional residual capacity will increase during an acute exacerbation of bronchospasm
(D) Induction with ketamine will increase airway resistance
An isoflurane-specific vaporizer that is 25% full is mistakenly refilled with halothane, and the dial is set at 1.5%. Which of the following statements concerning this situation is true?
(A) The gas mixture will contain equal partial pressures of halothane and isoflurane
(B) The gas mixture will produce a greater depth of anesthesia than 1.5% isoflurane alone
(C) The gas mixture will produce a greater depth of anesthesia than 1.5% halothane alone
(D) The liquid mixture will have a higher vapor pressure than 1.5% halothane alone
(E) The liquid mixture will have a higher vapor pressure if it is placed in a halothane-specific vaporizer