A Fluotec vaporizer is set to administer halothane 4% using a fresh gas flow of 4 L/min. If the diluent gas flow is increased to 8 L/min, and at the same time the room temperature increases from 20 to 25°C, the approximate concentration of halothane delivered to the patient would be
Oxygen 100 ml/min is bubbled through a vaporizer containing an anesthetic with a vapor pressure of 150 mmHg, and this mixture is added to a fresh gas flow of 5 L/min. The delivered anesthetic concentration is
A 25-year-old man with known rheumatic heart disease is being evaluated in the critical care unit. Despite decreasing cardiac output, mixed venous blood from a pulmonary artery catheter shows an increase in Sv02. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
(A) Decreasing hematocrit
(B) Hypothermia to 35°C
(C) Metabolic alkalosis
(D) Mitral regurgitation
(E) Wedging of the catheter
E
The second gas effect refers to
(A) acceleration of rise in alveolar concentration of a gas caused by concomitantly administered nitrous oxide
(B) change in volatile anesthetic vaporizer output with the addition of nitrous oxide to the carrier gas mixture
(C) decrease in MAC of a volatile anesthetic by addition of nitrous oxide
(D) expansion of gas-containing spaces by addition of nitrous oxide
(E) rapid diffusion of nitrous oxide from pulmonary capillary blood into alveolar gas at the termination of anesthesia
Which of the following findings is an early indication of cyanide toxicity?
(A) Bronchospasm
(B) Cardiac dysrhythmias
(C) Decreased mixed venous P02
(D) Increased intracranial pressure
(E) Metabolic acidosis
E
During induction of anesthesia, a patient is breathing isoflurane from a semiclosed circle absorber system. The temperature-compensated vaporizer is set to deliver isoflurane 1.5%. Which of the following will result in the lowest inspired concentration of isoflurane?
(A) Doubling the length of circle system hoses
(B) Decreasing the barometric pressure
(C) Changing from rubber to plastic breathing hoses
An 18-month-old child with tetralogy of Fallot is anesthetized with halothane and nitrous oxide. Following intubation, oxygen saturation decreases abruptly from 85% to 45%. The most effective treatment is