A 2.3-kg 1-day-old term infant requires repair of a gastroschisis. Which of the following combinations is most appropriate for intraoperative fluid management?
(A) Dextrose 5% in water for maintenance and lactated Ringer's solution for replacement of third space losses
(B) Dextrose 10% in water for maintenance and lactated Ringer's solution for replacement of third space losses
(C) Lactated Ringer's solution for maintenance and replacement of third space losses
(D) Lactated Ringer's solution for maintenance and albumin 5% for replacement of third space losses
(E) Normal saline solution for maintenance and lactated Ringer's solution for replacement of third space losses
A 40-year-old woman has continuous nondermatomal burning pain of the distal foot four weeks after sustaining a metatarsal fracture. On examination, the foot is mildly swollen, tender, and cool. Which of the following statements concerning this condition is true?
(A) A radiograph of the distal bones of the painful foot will show severe osteoporosis
(B) A technetium scan of the distal joints of the painful foot will show decreased uptake
(C) Early use of opioid analgesia will prevent progression of the symptoms
(D) Intravenous phentolamine will relieve the pain
(E) The chance of spontaneous recovery within eight weeks is greater than 80%
A patient has tonic movements of the head and neck, nystagmus, and slurred speech after receiving metoclopramide for nausea after nitrous oxide-opioid anesthesia. The most appropriate pharmacologic treatment is
During anesthesia with nitrous oxide 65% in oxygen, fentanyl, and pancuronium, nitroprusside is administered to decrease arterial pressure to 85/50 mmHg. A decrease in PaO2 from 120 to 65 mmHg is most likely caused by
An 80-kg, 70-year-old woman is scheduled for a mastectomy. She has a history of congestive heart failure treated with digoxin 0.25 mg daily. Preoperative examination shows a sinus rhythm at 80 bpm and blood pressure of 110/70 mmHg. Laboratory studies show a serum potassium concentration of 4.2 mEq/L and a serum digoxin concentration of 1.5 mcg/ml. Five minutes after induction of general anesthesia, ventricular bigeminy is noted; blood pressure is 85/65 mmHg, SpO2 is 97%, and PetCO2, is 20 mmHg. Which of the following is the most appropriate management?
After weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass following mitral valve replacement, a patient's cardiac output is reported to be 3.7 L/min measured by thermodilution technique using 5% dextrose in water 10 ml at room temperature as injec-tate. This value could be falsely high if