A patient who is receiving ventilatory support after coronary artery bypass grafting has a PaO2 of 132 mmHg, a PaCO2 of 19 mmHg, and a pH of 7.57. Which of the following is most likely to result from this level of hypocarbia?
(A) a shift to the right of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve
(B) a decrease in carbon dioxide dissolved in plasma
(C) a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate
(D) an increase in MAC of volatile inhalation agents
(E) low-voltage, high-frequency EEG pattern
C
The graphs shown illustrate various respiratory patterns in a patient who is breathing spontaneously with continuous positive airway pressure. Which of the following patterns is associated with the LEAST work of breathing?
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) All patterns are associated with equal work
(E) There is not enough information to answer the question
Diffuse microvascular bleeding is noted in a patient who has received 25 units of whole blood for a liver resection. Platelet count is 40,000/mm3, prothrombin time is 18 sec, activated partial thromboplastin time is 54 sec, and serum fibrinogen concentration is 60 mg/dl. The most likely cause of the bleeding is
A patient has tonic movements of the head and neck, nystagmus, and slurred speech after receiving metoclopramide for nausea after nitrous oxide-opioid anesthesia. The most appropriate pharmacologic treatment is
During induction of anesthesia in a 70-year-old man with aortic stenosis, the blood pressure decreases from 140/ 80 to 70/45 mmHg as the cardiac rhythm changes from normal sinus at 70 bpm to junctional at 120 bpm. The most appropriate initial therapy would be