Measurement of mixed expired carbon dioxide concentration is necessary for the determination of
(A) dead space
(B) lung-thorax compliance
(C) physiologic shunt fraction
(D) diffusing capacity of the lungs
(E) ventilatory response to carbon dioxide
A
During spinal anesthesia in a healthy patient, the sensory level rises to C8. The patient will most likely have
(A) hoarseness due to block of the recurrent laryngeal nerve
(B) numbness over the clavicles
(C) impaired resting ventilation
(D) numbness of the little finger
(E) inability to raise his arm
D
A 25-year-old woman is undergoing emergency appendectomy at 36 weeks' gestation. Following subarachnoid injection of hyperbaric bupivacaine and placement in the supine position, the patient has nausea; heart rate is 105 bpm and blood pressure is 90/60 mmHg. Which of the following is the most appropriate management?
(A) Displacement of the uterus to the left
(B) Immediate tracheal intubation
(C) Intramuscular administration of ephedrine
(D) Placement of the operating table in the reverse Trendelenburg position
A woman has weakness of the right quadriceps and a decreased knee jerk reflex on the right one day after forceps delivery under epidural anesthesia. The most likely cause is
(A) epidural hematoma
(B) intrapelvic nerve trauma
(C) lithotomy positioning
(D) reaction to the preservative in the anesthetic solution
In a patient with adult respiratory distress syndrome who is being mechanically ventilated, which of the following findings indicates the most severe disease?