10 Random Questions
One hour after induction of anesthesia for a posterior fossa craniotomy using opioid, relaxant, and nitrous oxide, the brain begins to protrude through the dura. The most effective measure to decrease intracranial pressure is to
- (A) administer additional opioid
- (B) decrease PaCO2 from 25 to 15 mmHg
- (C) drain cerebrospinal fluid
- (D) discontinue nitrous oxide
- (E) induce hypotension
The illustration depicts flow-volume loops for the same person at two different times in his life. Which of the following is indicated by the dotted loop?
- (A) Bronchial tumor
- (B) Chronic asthmatic bronchitis
- (C) Morbid obesity
- (D) Paralysis of a vocal cord
- (E) Subglottic stenosis
During protamine administration following separation from cardiopulmonary bypass, blood pressure decreases from 100/70 to 60/30 mmHg and peak inspiratory pressure increases from 26 to 60 cm H2O. The most appropriate next step in management is administration of
- (A) diphenhydramine
- (B) dopamine
- (C) epinephrine
- (D) methylprednisolone
- (E) terbutaline
Which of the following is greater in an obese patient than in a nonobese patient of equal height?
- (A) Milliliters of local anesthetic required for epidural block
- (B) Milligrams of succinylcholine required for intubation
- (C) Clearance of diazepam
- (D) Clearance of fentanyl
- (E) Oxygen consumption per body surface area
The fetal heart rate and uterine contraction tracings shown are most consistent with
- (A) fetal acidosis
- (B) fetal cerebral hemorrhage
- (C) fetal head compression
- (D) fetal hypoxia
- (E) uteroplacental insufficiency
An oxygen-driven anesthesia ventilator with a bellows that ascends during exhalation develops a small hole in the bellows. Which of the following is the most likely effect?
- (A) Alveolar hyperinflation
- (B) Decreased inspiratory flow rate
- (C) Decreased inspired oxygen concentration
- (D) Increased concentration of inhalational agent
- (E) Rebreathing of exhaled gases
A 40-year-old woman receives alfentanil 75 mcg/kg followed by an infusion of 1.5 mcg/kg/min for a one-hour cholecystectomy and cholangiogram. This regimen could be associated with each of the following EXCEPT
- (A) muscle rigidity
- (B) increased biliary tract pressure
- (C) inadequate anesthesia
- (D) postoperative respiratory depression
- (E) two to four hours of postoperative analgesia
Which of the following statements concerning pressure support ventilation is true?
- (A) It augments gas inflow in response to spontaneous inspiration
- (B) It increases inspiratory airway pressure during controlled mandatory ventilation
- (C) It requires the use of positive end-expiratory pressure
- (D) It functions independently of airway resistance/lung compliance
- (E) It correlates linearly with spontaneously achieved tidal volume
Which of the following changes is most likely in the patient whose pulmonary pathology is schematically illustrated?
- (A) Decreased diffusing capacity
- (B) Decreased PaO2
- (C) Decreased pH
- (D) Increased PaCO2
- (E) Increased Vd/Vt
A 35-year-old woman with severe myasthenia gravis is scheduled for thymectomy. Which of the following preoperative pulmonary function tests is most likely to be normal?
- (A) Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)
- (B) Forced vital capacity (FVC)
- (C) FEV1/FVC
- (D) Maximum voluntary ventilation
- (E) Peak inspiratory force