During a craniotomy for a supratentorial tumor, a 28-year-old man receives isoflurane 0.75% in nitrous oxide 70% and oxygen. Ventilation is controlled to maintain PaCO2 at 25 mmHg. Nasopharyngeal temperature is 35.8°C. While the dura mater is open, the surgeon complains that the brain is bulging. The most appropriate management at this time is to
(A) decrease the inspired isoflurane concentration to 0.5%
(B) hyperventilate further to decrease PaCO2 to 20 mmHg
A 76-year-old man has a leaking abdominal aortic aneurysm. His blood pressure and pulse have remained stable for 15 minutes at 90/60 mmHg and 130 bpm, respectively. His hemoglobin concentration is 11 g/dl, and the EKG shows a left bundle branch block. Induction of anesthesia should proceed
(A) after a pulmonary artery catheter has been inserted and the pulmonary artery occlusion pressure is greater than 7 mmHg
(B) when the pulse has decreased below 130 bpm from the rapid transfusion of blood
(C) when systolic blood pressure has increased to more than 120 mmHg from the rapid infusion of lactated Ringer's solution
(D) immediately on arrival in the operating room
(E) when circulatory signs deteriorate or cease to improve with rapid volume expansion
In a patient who is receiving nitroglycerin intravenously after a coronary artery operation, peripheral oxygen saturation is 85% and PaO2 is 200 mmHg. The most appropriate management is administration of
Which of the following is the most likely cause of a decrease in end-tidal carbon dioxide tension during general anesthesia with a constant minute ventilation?
(A) Administration of sodium bicarbonate
(B) Intravenous administration of hypertonic glucose solution
(C) Decrease in cardiac output
(D) Decrease in fresh gas flow in a Bain circuit
(E) Malfunction of the inspiratory valve in a circle system
A 35-year-old woman undergoes a one-hour abdominal liposuction procedure under general anesthesia. During the procedure, 2000 ml of crystalloid is administered and 800 ml of fatty tissue is extracted. Thirty minutes postoperatively, blood pressure is 75/40 mmHg and heart rate is 100 bpm; SpO2 is 94% on room air. Which of the following is the most likely cause of these findings?