10 Random Questions
Compared with the adult airway, the neonatal airway has which of the following characteristics?
- (A) More cephalad larynx
- (B) Narrowest diameter at the vocal cords
- (C) Relatively smaller epiglottis
- (D) Smaller tongue relative to the size of the oral cavity
- (E) Vocal cords perpendicular to the trachea
The induction dose of thiopental should be decreased in each of the following situations EXCEPT
- (A) age greater than 70 years
- (B) cardiogenic shock
- (C) decreased hepatic blood flow
- (D) hypoalbuminemia
- (E) hypothyroidism
The most medial of the following components in the antecubital fossa is the
- (A) brachial artery
- (B) brachioradialis muscle
- (C) cephalic vein
- (D) median nerve
- (E) radial nerve
A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is undergoing spinal anesthesia to a T6 sensory level. The most pronounced effect on pulmonary function will be a decrease in
- (A) minute ventilation
- (B) peak expiratory flow
- (c) physiologic dead space
- (D) tidal volume
- (E) vital capacity
A 72-year-old man has massive venous hemorrhage during a radical prostatectomy. Blood pressure decreases from 110/60 to 75/30 mmHg and central venous pressure decreases from 12 to 4 mmHg. PetC02 decreases from 34 to 24 mmHg during constant minute ventilation. The most appropriate next step should be to
- (A) apply positive end-expiratory pressure to the breathing circuit
- (B) attempt to aspirate air from the central venous catheter
- (C) expand intravascular volume
- (D) place the patient in the Trendelenburg position
- (E) turn the patient to the left lateral decubitus position
Which of the following effects of catecholamine results in the greatest increase in preload?
- (A) Augmented contractility
- (B) Decreased afterload
- (C) Decreased venous capacitance
- (D) Improved chronotropism
- (E) Increased cardiac output
Which of the following statements concerning isolated mitral stenosis is true?
- (A) Afterload reduction increases cardiac output
- (B) Pulmonary artery occlusion pressure overestimates left ventricular filling pressure
- (C) Pulmonary hypertension is irreversible
- (D) Tachycardia decreases the mitral transvalvular gradient
- (E) Thermodilution cardiac output measurements are unreliable
A 40-year-old woman receives alfentanil 75 mcg/kg followed by an infusion of 1.5 mcg/kg/min for a one-hour cholecystectomy and cholangiogram. This regimen could be associated with each of the following EXCEPT
- (A) muscle rigidity
- (B) increased biliary tract pressure
- (C) inadequate anesthesia
- (D) postoperative respiratory depression
- (E) two to four hours of postoperative analgesia
A 40-year-old woman with chronic renal failure is undergoing revision of an arteriovenous shunt with general anesthesia. The capnographic waveform was obtained during spontaneous ventilation 20 minutes after administration of succinylcholine and tracheal intubation. Which of the following is the most likely cause of these findings?
- (A) Leaking endotracheal cuff
- (B) Channeling of soda lime
- (C) Light anesthesia
- (D) Metabolic acidosis
- (E) Residual neuromuscular block
Electrocautery units operate at frequencies between 300 kHz and 2 mHz to
- (A) avoid pacemaker interference
- (B) minimize ECG tracing interference
- (C) minimize the likelihood of ventricular fibrillation
- (D) optimize hemostasis
- (E) provide the best "cutting" current