An obese, 75-year-old woman is scheduled for open reduction of a left forearm fracture. Thirty minutes after successful interscalene block using 20 ml of 2% lidocaine, she becomes dyspneic. The dyspnea is most likely related to
In a 5-kg child, the end-tidal carbon dioxide tension is 35 mmHg during spontaneous ventilation through a Mapleson D system. Which single change is most likely to increase this value?
Which of the following should be included in the preoperative management of a 12-year-old patient with Duchenne muscular dystrophy who is unable to ambulate?
(A) Determination of serum creatine kinase concentration
(B) Determination of serum potassium concentration
A 50-year-old woman has episodes of electric-shock-like pain of one minute in duration affecting the right side of the face. In between episodes of this pain, she is relatively pain free. Which of the following is the most appropriate management?
(A) Beta-adrenergic blockers
(B) Carbamazepine
(C) Infrared heat therapy
(D) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
(E) Stellate ganglion block
B
Which of the following inhalational anesthetics best relieves left ventricular outflow obstruction in a patient with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (IHSS)?
(A) Desflurane
(B) Halothane
(C) Isoflurane
(D) Nitrous oxide
(E) Sevoflurane
B
A patient undergoes differential spinal block for evaluation of persistent foot pain. If the pain returns coincident with a decrease in skin temperature, which of the following is the most appropriate conclusion?
Which of the following statements concerning cerebral vasospasm following intracranial hemorrhage is true?
(A) It is accompanied by paradoxical intracranial hypotension
(B) It responds to nitroprusside therapy
(C) It persists more than 48 hours after hemorrhage
(D) It is exacerbated by intravascular volume expansion
(E) It is confirmed by ST-T wave changes in the absence of myocardial ischemia
C
A 69-year-old woman with mitral stenosis and atrial fibrillation is scheduled for mitral valve replacement and removal of a left atrial thrombus. After administration of pancuronium, heart rate increases to 140 bpm and blood pressure decreases to 70/40 mmHg. Which of the following is the LEAST appropriate treatment?