Which of the following statements concerning opioid dependence in anesthesiologists is true?
(A) Mortality rate is high
(B) Deterioration of professional performance is an early sign
(C) Nalbuphine suppresses signs of withdrawal
(D) Naltrexone prevents relapse
(E) Sufentanil is detected by urine screening
A
An arterial blood sample is obtained from a patient undergoing hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass at 28 C. Analysis at 37 C shows a pH of 7.40 and PaCO2 of 40 mmHg. Which of the following values are most likely if the analysis is corrected to 28 C?
The primary mechanism for pharmacologic reduction of intraoperative blood loss is
(A) decreased blood viscosity
(B) decreased cardiac output
(C) decreased venous return
(D) direct myocardial depression
(E) hypotension
E
A 68-year-old man has signs of a coagulopathy after receiving 10 units of packed erythrocytes during emergency repair of a leaking abdominal aortic aneurysm. The most likely cause is
A 64-year-old man is scheduled to have an elective right colon resection under nitrous oxide, oxygen, enflurane anesthesia. Following a myocardial infarction two years ago, a programmable VVI pacemaker was inserted for complete heart block. A pre induction rhythm strip is shown. Based on this EKG finding, the most appropriate action is to
(A) proceed with induction of anesthesia
(B) convert the pacemaker to the fixed rate mode
(C) reprogram the pacemaker to increase R-wave sensitivity
(D) increase the pacemaker current outpu
(E) insert a temporary atrioventricular sequential pacemaker
A
A patient with chronic paraplegia (T4 level) is undergoing cystoscopy and removal of bladder calculi without anesthesia. After 10 minutes, blood pressure is 240/100 mmHg and pulse is 50 bpm. The most appropriate management is administration of