An atrioventricular sequential demand pacemaker is placed in a patient who has abnormal atrioventricular conduction. Each of the following statements about this situation is true EXCEPT:
(A) Electrocautery could lead to long pauses in the paced rhythm
(B) Placing a magnet over the generator will convert it to an asynchronous (fixed rate) unit
(C) If complete heart block develops, the paced ventricular rate will be the same as the sinus node rate
(D) An atropine-induced increase in the sinus rate will increase the ventricular rate
(E) During symptomatic tachyarrhythmia, cardioversion would be contraindicated because it would alter the pacemaker's function
A 70-year-old patient is shivering and has chest pain in the PACU following a cholecystectomy. Heart rate is 120 bpm, and blood pressure is 220/120 mmHg. SpO2 is 97% at an FiO2 of 0.4. An ECG shows ST-T wave changes, which are not affected by intravenous administration of nitroglycerin. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step?
During cardiopulmonary bypass at a nasopharyngeal temperature of 28°C and a hematocrit of 20%, temperature-corrected PaCO2 is 50 mmHg and uncorrected PaCO2 is 60 mmHg. The most appropriate management is to
(A) administer additional opioid
(B) administer packed red blood cells to increase hematocrit to 25%
A 58-year-old man undergoes repeat coronary artery bypass grafting. Which of the following is LEAST likely to decrease the need for exogenous blood transfusion?
(A) Cell saver blood collection before and after cardiopulmonary bypass
(B) Epsilon-aminocaproic acid administered during cardiopulmonary bypass
(C) High-dose aprotinin administered during cardiopulmonary bypass
(D) Tranexamic acid infusion during cardiopulmonary bypass
(E) Desmospressin administered after cardiopulmonary bypass
E
Inhalation induction of anesthesia is more rapid in a 6-month-old infant than in an adult because infants have
(A) greater ratio of alveolar ventilation to functional residual capacity
(B) greater ratio of blood volume to body weight
(C) greater solubility of anesthetic in blood
(D) lower anesthetic requirement
(E) lower distribution of cardiac output to vessel-rich organs
Four days after subarachnoid hemorrhage and surgical clipping of a cerebral aneurysm, a patient develops cerebral artery vasospasm. Appropriate treatment includes each of the following EXCEPT