10 Random Questions
The left ventricular function curve is from a young, healthy patient. If X represents the patient's myocardial function prior to anesthesia, the effect of 1 MAC of isoflurane at normocarbia is best represented by which of the following positions?
- (A) A
- (B) B
- (C) C
- (D) D
- (E) E
Two hours after a colon resection, a 60-year-old woman with adult-onset diabetes mellitus is somnolent and has a blood glucose concentration of 612 mg/dl. Which of the following findings are most likely? (Sodium, Osmolality, Intravascular volume)
- (A) 127, 280, High
- (B) 127, 310, High
- (C) 127, 330, Low
- (D) 140, 280, Normal
- (E) 140, 300, Low
Which of the following is the most likely effect of long-term exposure to nitrous oxide at a concentration of 50 ppm?
- (A) Impaired cognitive function
- (B) Inhibition of vitamin B-12 absorption
- (C) Megaloblastic changes in bone marrow
- (D) Teratogenesis
- (E) Thrombocytopenia
After removing the electrocautery pad from the thigh, a burn is noted at that site. Which of the following most likely contributed to this injury?
- (A) A line-isolation monitor fault
- (B) Current leak from the EKG module
- (C) Defective grounding of the electrocautery unit
- (D) Dried gel on the electrocautery pad
- (E) Excessive current setting for cutting mode
An obese, 35-year-old man had an episode of coughing followed by vomiting during induction of anesthesia for arthroscopy of the left knee. Intense wheezing developed bilaterally over five minutes. PaO2 is 60 mmHg, PaCO2 is 42 mmHg, and pH is 7.35. Optimal management following intubation of the trachea includes
- (A) mechanical ventilation with positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), cancellation of surgery, and transfer to the intensive care unit
- (B) saline lavage and continuation of surgery using halothane anesthesia
- (C) cancellation of surgery and administration of corticosteroids and antibiotics
- (D) thorough suctioning and proceeding with halothane anesthesia
- (E) cancellation of surgery, vigorous mechanical ventilation, thorough suctioning, and administration of aminophylline
Two opened oxygen cylinders, one full and one empty, are attached to an anesthesia machine. The check valve to the empty cylinder fails. This is expected to result in
- (A) activation of the fail-safe device
- (B) cessation of oxygen flow to the anesthesia circuit
- (C) filling of the empty cylinder with a mixture of all gases supplied to the anesthesia machine
- (D) increase in the temperature of the empty cylinder
- (E) interruption of gas delivery from the central oxygen source
The lungs of a 7-kg infant are being ventilated with a volume-cycled ventilator at a rate of 20/min. The anesthetic circuit has a compressible volume of 5 ml/cm H2O, and the peak inspiratory pressure is 20 cmH2O. To achieve adequate ventilation, the ventilator tidal volume should be set at
- (A) 50 ml
- (B) 125 ml
- (C) 175 ml
- (D) 225 ml
- (E) 300 ml
A 65-year-old patient with compensated congestive heart failure undergoes resection of a large tumor of the temporal lobe. During the procedure, the brain is noted to protrude through the surgical incision. After increasing minute ventila- tion, which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?
- (A) Administration of dexamethasone
- (B) Administration of furosemide
- (C) Administration of mannitol
- (D) Induction of barbiturate coma
- (E) Induction of deliberate hypotension
During isoflurane anesthesia, a 45-year-old patient with chronic asthma has wheezing, prolonged expiration, sinus tachycardia of 120 bpm, and premature ventricular contractions. Preoperative medication included cromolyn and theophylline (serum level 20 jag/ml). The most appropriate treatment is to administer
- (A) albuterol aerosol
- (B) aminophylline by intravenous infusion
- (C) cromolyn aerosol
- (D) halothane
- (E) hydrocortisone by intravenous bolus
The second gas effect refers to
- (A) acceleration of rise in alveolar concentration of a gas caused by concomitantly administered nitrous oxide
- (B) change in volatile anesthetic vaporizer output with the addition of nitrous oxide to the carrier gas mixture
- (C) decrease in MAC of a volatile anesthetic by addition of nitrous oxide
- (D) expansion of gas-containing spaces by addition of nitrous oxide
- (E) rapid diffusion of nitrous oxide from pulmonary capillary blood into alveolar gas at the termination of anesthesia