10 Random Questions
Peak airway pressure increases from 25 to 50 cmH2O when beginning right endobronchial ventilation with a right double-lumen tube. The most likely explanation for this increase is
- (A) failure to decrease tidal volume
- (B) inadvertent intubation of the left mainstem bronchus
- (C) intrinsic resistance of small endobronchial lumina
- (D) obstruction of the orifice of the right upper lobe
- (E) overinflation of the bronchial tube cuff
Which of the following is an effect of magnesium sulfate at the neuromuscular junction?
- (A) Augmentation of acetylcholine reuptake
- (B) Decrease in acetylcholine binding
- (C) Decrease in acetylcholine metabolism
- (D) Decrease in the prejunctional release of acetylcholine
- (E) Potentiation of the effects of ionized calcium
Which of the following antihypertensive drugs is most likely to cause bradycardia?
- (A) Captopril
- (B) Clonidine
- (C) Hydralazine
- (D) Nifedipine
- (E) Phenoxybenzamine
The five curves shown represent the uptake of enflurane, desflurane, halothane, isoflurane, and nitrous oxide. Which uptake curve best depicts desflurane?
- (A) Curve A
- (B) Curve B
- (C) Curve C
- (D) Curve D
- (E) Curve E
A patient with lumbar disk disease requires lumbar epidural injection of a corticosteroid for control of low back pain. Which of the following statements concerning this treatment is true?
- (A) Maximum effect occurs one hour after injection
- (B) Maximum effect occurs when drug concentration peaks in cerebrospinal fluid
- (C) Maximum effect occurs during the acute phase of the disease
- (D) The beneficial effect results primarily from sympathetic neurolysis
- (E) It is contraindicated if the patient has had prior surgical procedures on the lumbar disks
A child undergoing general anesthesia is breathing spontaneously using the Jackson-Rees modification of the Ayres T-piece. Respiratory rate is 20/min and tidal volume is 75 ml. What is the minimum fresh gas flow required to prevent rebreathing?
- (A) 750 ml/min
- (B) 1500 ml/min
- (C) 2250 ml/min
- (D) 4500 ml/min
- (E) 6000 ml/min
An unconscious adult patient is being ventilated through an esophageal obturator airway (EOA) in the emergency department. In the absence of cervical spine injury, which of the following is appropriate?
- (A) Use of the EOA for airway management until the patient regains consciousness
- (B) Removal of the EOA before insertion of an endotracheal tube
- (C) Placement of an endotracheal tube before removal of the EOA
- (D) Removal of the EOA under fiberoptic endoscopic visualization
- (E) Cricothyroidotomy
An 88-kg man is anesthetized with 66% nitrous oxide, 33% oxygen, and 1% isoflurane using a circle system. Following tracheal intubation, the nitrous oxide flow is set at 1 L/min and the oxygen flow is set at 0.5 L/min. After two hours the oxygen monitor indicates a circuit oxygen concentration of only 25% despite the flows noted above. The most likely explanation for this discrepancy is
- (A) decrease of oxygen pipeline pressure to 20 psi
- (B) increase in the concentration of nitrous oxide in the circuit
- (C) inaccuracy of flowmeters at low flow rates
- (D) malfunction of the oxygen monitor
- (E) progressive hypothermia
A 65-year-old woman has respiratory distress and loss of consciousness immediately following superficial and deep cervical plexus block for right carotid endarterectomy. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
- (A) Phrenic nerve paralysis
- (B) Pneumothorax
- (C) Recurrent laryngeal nerve block
- (D) Subarachnoid injection
- (E) Vertebral artery injection
A patient has severe pain after total knee arthroplasty. Systemic opioids are most likely to modify the pain through action at which of the following sites?
- (A) Corpus callosum
- (B) Hippocampus
- (C) Substantia gelatinosa
- (D) Substantia nigra
- (E) Ventral horn of the spinal cord